Published May 9, 2022
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Andrological effects of SARS-Cov-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Creators

  • 1. Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Azienda Usl, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
  • 2. Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology, IRCSS, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
  • 3. Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • 4. Sapienza University of Rome
  • 5. Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • 6. University of Florence
  • 7. Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and EMS, Maggiore Hospital Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  • 8. Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • 9. Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
  • 10. Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare
  • 11. University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
  • 12. Department of Urology, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
  • 13. Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Unità di Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
  • 14. Staff of UNESCO Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development Baldi E, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
  • 15. Endocrinology Unit, "Mario Serio" Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. m.maggi@dfc.unifi.it.

Description

The short- and long-term andrological effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been clarified. Our aim is to evaluate the available evidence regarding possible andrological consequences of COVID-19 either on seminal or hormonal parameters. The safety of the COVID-19 vaccines in terms of sperm quality was also investigated. All prospective and retrospective observational studies reporting information on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) mRNA semen and male genitalia tract detection (n = 19), as well as those reporting data on semen analysis (n = 5) and hormonal parameters (n = 11) in infected/recovered patients without any arbitrary restriction were included. Out of 204 retrieved articles, 35 were considered, including 2092 patients and 1138 controls with a mean age of 44.1 ± 12.6 years, and mean follow-up 24.3 ± 18.9 days. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA can be localized in male genitalia tracts during the acute phase of the disease. COVID-19 can result in short-term impaired sperm and T production. Available data cannot clarify long-term andrological effects. Low T observed in the acute phase of the disease is associated with an increased risk of being admitted to the Intensive Care Unit or death. The two available studies showed that the use of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines does not affect sperm quality. The results of our analysis clearly suggest that each patient recovering from COVID-19 should be monitored to rule out sperm and T abnormalities. The specific contribution of reduced T levels during the acute phase of the infection needs to be better clarified. © 2022. The Author(s).
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