Exploring the significance of phase angle in diabetes management: a narrative review.

The phase angle is a mathematical concept representing the time relationship between two periodic waveforms, and has gained some importance for its potential clinical applications. The purpose of this review was to investigate the role of phase angle in diabetes mellitus.Studies have investigated the relationship between the phase angle and glycemic control, insulin resistance, and diabetes-related complications. Phase angle has demonstrated its potential as a prognostic marker for diabetic complications, enabling early identification and intervention. It might be beneficial for evaluating disease severity, monitoring treatment response, and predicting long-term results in diabetics. Although the phase angle offers significant advantages, its clinical use in managing diabetes is still in its early stages, and there are certain issues that need to be resolved. Standardization of measurement techniques and interpretation criteria is essential to ensure consistency and comparability across studies and clinical settings. Investigating the role of phase angle in the treatment of diabetes provides significant knowledge about its potential as a non-invasive and informative parameter. Identifying the importance of phase angle in diabetes might help to improve risk stratification, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes. Additional research is required to determine its therapeutic value and discover the mechanisms underlying its association with diabetes and its complications. © The Japan Diabetes Society 2025. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.