Published August 15, 2023
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Reproductive Toxicity of Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review.

Creators

  • 1. Students Research Committee, Faculty of pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
  • 2. Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
  • 3. Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
  • 4. Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
  • 5. Extremophile and Productive Microorganisms Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.
  • 6. Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
  • 7. International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • 8. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • 9. Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
  • 10. Yale University
  • 11. Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
  • 12. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • 13. Toxicology Centre, and Dept. Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 10 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
  • 14. University of Saskatchewan
  • 15. Dept. Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
  • 16. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Description

The unique characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) have captivated scientists in various fields of research. However, their safety profile has not been fully scrutinized. In this regard, the effects of NPs on the reproductive system of animals and humankind have been a matter of concern. In this article, we will review the potential reproductive toxicity of various types of NPs, including carbon nanomaterials, dendrimers, quantum dots, silica, gold, and magnetic nanoparticles, reported in the literature. We also mention some notable cases where NPs have elicited beneficial effects on the reproductive system. This review provides extensive insight into the effects of various NPs on sperm and ovum and the outcomes of their passage through blood-testis and placental barriers and accumulation in the reproductive organs.
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