Optimization and Reliability Assessment of Water Distribution Networks Incorporating Demand Balancing Tanks

Abstract This research aims to incorporate demand balancing tanks in network optimization and reliability assessment running extended period simulations. A tool called NORAT (Networks Optimization and Reliability Assessment Tool) has been developed, which determines the required balancing volume, optimizes pipe diameters and tank elevations, and finally calculates the total costs. NORAT further assesses the hydraulic reliability of the network. The tool has been illustrated on a synthetic network by applying different combinations of topography, supply schemes, and locations of water sources and tanks. The results prove the ability of NORAT to employ balancing tanks, both in optimization and reliability assessment processes.